Impact Of Computer Technology On The Future Of Workforce

11IPT Term3 Essay: Impacts of Computer Technologies in the Future of Workforce Since the very first automatic computer has been invented in 1941 by Konrad Zuse (Lexikon Services, 1982), information technology has brought many benefits to our lives, and also altered the nature of work and enterprise to the extent that most jobs in the developed world to involve computers. In the future, with new information technology features that will be introduced, many jobs would be either reduced or turned into computer based work, and all kind of jobs are expected to involve more computers in their workflow. Based on Moore’s law, the observation made in 1965 by Gordon Moore, the number of transistors per square inch on integrated circuits had doubled every year since the integrated circuit was invented, and computers keep improving by time (Takahashi, 2005). Right now the society is in information evolution which aims to achieve faster processing times, better storage of data, more information at people’s fingertips. This evolution has had overall positive im pacts on society due to the progression in telecommunication which has made business and social activities more convenient. Information Technology has had both positive and negative impacts on work. Telecommunication technology helps businesses to communicate over long distance. Internet has expanded market by providing features of E-commerce and new forms of advertising. Computers and robots have automated some part of the workflowShow MoreRelatedTechnology And The Classroom Starting With Kindergarten1075 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many benefits of technology in the classroom starting with kindergarten. These four benefits would be it enriches basic skills, provides motivation, broadens children’s horizons, and prepares them for the workforce. As this is not as much of a problem for younger children as it is older, technology is still a force that continually helps. Technology in classrooms can accelerate the basic skills of kids. Technology can make children more interested in what they are learning and then theyRead MoreComputer, Robotics, And Automation Are Driving More And More Of Product ion1225 Words   |  5 PagesComputers, robotics, and automation are driving more and more of production. In turn this is leading to an enormous impact on the number and type of jobs. An Australian report released in June 2015 found that 40 per cent of the Australian workforce – or around 5 million jobs – are at high risk of being replaced by computers in the next 10-15 years. This backs up the Oxford Martin School’s 2013 study finding 47 per cent of jobs in the United States are at risk of being automated using artificial intelligenceRead MoreWhy Coding Should Be Mandatory In Public Education1462 Words   |  6 Pagesamount of industries are experiencing demand for computer programming or â€Å"coding† skills. Robots are becoming prevalent in numerous industries across the globe, Allen 4 consuming a myriad of once uniquely human jobs (Johnson). Businesses and industries are implementing robotics and coding more extensively in this digital era. Therefore, computer science and, in particular, coding should be mandatory curricula in public education that will future-proof students for job acquisition and enhance primaryRead More21st Century Classrooms Essay1377 Words   |  6 Pageseducation today there is the view to link educational strategies, programs, initiatives, or technology to student achievement. There are many groups and organizations that are advocating for increased technology literacy. Generally in all aspects of our society, technology has revolutionized and in many ways simplified while enhancing our way of life. It is no surprise that the public expects that technology should have a similar effect on education. Over the past 20 years there have been so many advancementsRead MoreTechnology in Public Administration Essay1588 Words   |  7 Pagesmeet their company goals. Most of those challenges will come from being able to adapt to the advancement of technology and adapting to the changes as they come. Because unlike anything else in the world, business technologies can either make a business successf ul or break a business down. If a business is unable or refuses to adapt and change then that business will cease to exist. Technology is fast paced and it will not slowdown for anybody to catch up. For a person looking for a job in the1980’sRead MoreComputer Technology : A Educational Study1391 Words   |  6 Pagesinformation technology (IT) in the 21st contrary. In modern schools, the necessity of computerized education will provide stude4nts of the future with the necessary skills to participate in jobs related to this field of technology. Computers will become a more central part of educational curriculums, since the increasing use of IT will be channeled through medium of digital modes of communication. Also, this type of student will need to be aware of the technical aspects of computer technology as a vitalRead MoreTechnology And Intergenerational Management Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology and Intergenerational Management Twenty-first century society in American culture today is inextricably connected throughout the country as a shared network of technology—and although there are many Americans who may not have constant exposure to the world or national news on their personal internet devices, this way of communication is becoming increasingly important as an integral part of many people’s lives. Media literacy and rather extensive knowledge of various technologies are keyRead MoreJoining The Conversation Essay966 Words   |  4 Pagespewinternet.org is credible site that has been providing top-notch information for computers. (http://www.pewinternet.org/2016/03/10/public-predictions-for-the-future-of-workforce-automation/) ‘ A 2013 study by researchers at Oxford University posited that as many as 47% of all jobs in the United States are at risk of â€Å"computerization.† ‘ ‘A majority of Americans predict that within 50 years, robots and computers will do much of the work currently done by humans’ I believe that this is true (andRead MoreCurrent Trends in Human Resource Management1494 Words   |  6 Pagestrends that will impact the operating environment in the future. Trends offer clues about how the operating environment will change. concept these shifts will allow luminous CEO’s and managers to adapt and thrive. This is especially accurate in the dwelling of Human Resources management since people are one of the most principal resources to any enterprise. Here are five accepted trends in Human Resources management that business leaders will want to watch: Leveraging Technology Technology is ubiquitousRead MoreThe Elements Of Globalization And Their Impact On Hr Functions1565 Words   |  7 PagesThe Elements of Globalization and Their Impact on HR Functions For businesses to compete in a global society, they need to integrate their current business structure into a more diverse culture. Since corporations are putting a stronger emphasis on diversity to stay competitive; globalization has impacted how these companies are managing its workforce. Firms that have a perception on the effects that globalization has on its human resources management, will help its managers to become better equipped

History of Multinational Corporations - 2003 Words

The progression and evolution of international business has played an integral role in the overall development and progress of the world economy, culture, and politics. The multinational corporation was an essential part of this process and has roots as far back as the 15th and 16th centuries in Western Europe, specifically in the nations of England and Holland, during a period known as mercantilism. This was a time of unprecedented global exploration, colonization, and other imperialist ventures. Organizations such as the British East India Trading Company, promoted both global trade and the acquisition of natural resources, primarily for their home countries in areas including Africa, East Asia, and the Americas. Global trade was the†¦show more content†¦The telegraph allowed information including personal contacts, trade methods, business newspapers and magazines helped spread knowledge internationally. Whereas in the early 1800s, national tariffs and barriers to tra de led to undervaluing of exports on trade ships and even smuggling, by the late 1800s improve efficiencies made these actions unnecessary. For example, McKinley Act of 1890 is often credited by many as the main cause of the increase of FDI in the US. Furthermore, the 19th century saw unparalleled amount of migrations, which encouraged the transmission of new ideas, and encouraged the transfer of technology and international investments. MNCs communicated and developed a modern business culture together by the exchange of products, processes, information, and managerial techniques that were crucial to the developed of a globalized business world. The idea of a ‘free-standing company’ was also formed during this time. This is a company â€Å"that extends over borders but does not grow out of an existing home-based business operations.† These companies typically existed in tight groups, because without any real basic competencies, had to resort on the abilit ies of outsiders. This style of firm was common in the UK and less common in other industrialized nations, but faded away as the financial markets developed. By the 1890s to the mid-19th century the nature of international business shifted from industrialShow MoreRelatedGlobalization And Westernization1532 Words   |  7 Pagesservices to those who could otherwise not be able to obtain them. Businesses interests over the years has spurred innovation and progress. But it would be irresponsible to believe that all business is good. Over the course of history there have been myriad examples of corporations manipulating and exploiting unsuspecting consumers for monetary gain. The world has become increasingly connected and informationally literate at an unprecedented rate through the advent of the internet, subsequently, acceleratingRead MoreBenefits Of Moving Production Overseas1507 Words   |  7 Pagesproduction overseas may seem obvious, multinational companies can capitalize on the competitive advantage these countries offer in the form of inexpensive labor. However, this cost reduction can come at a high cost as different cultures may not place a high value on the safety and wellbeing of their employees as companies due in developed countries, such as the United States. Responsibility of Supply Chain It is imperative for today’s multi-national corporations to not only monitor supply channelsRead MoreThe Chicago School Of Professional Psychology Essay1342 Words   |  6 PagesProposal Luis A. Santiago-Gaetan The Chicago School of Professional Psychology Introduction to the Study For several decades, literature has suggested that multinational corporations (MCNs), transnational corporations (TNCs), and or international business companies (IBCs), are among the most powerful and wealthiest organizations in the history of the world (Tirimba Macharia, 2014; Bouquet Birkinshaw, 2008; Fuchs, 2007; Cohen, 2007; Stopford, 1998; Meleka, 1985; Hawkins, 1979). These businessRead MoreFin426, Chapter1 Testbank Questions1414 Words   |  6 PagesHistorically, the primary motive for U.S. multinationals to produce abroad has been to a. lower costs b. respond more quickly to the marketplace c. avoid trade barriers d. gain tax benefits ANSWER: b: p.8, evolution of multinational 1.2 The primary objective of the multinational corporation is to a. maximize shareholder wealth b. maximize world production c. minimize debt d. minimize the cost of doing business globally ANSWER: a: p.21, Multinational Financial Management: Theory andRead MoreInternational Hrm Staffing Policies1357 Words   |  6 PagesINTERNATIONAL BUSINESS Distinguish between Ethnocentric and Polycentric Human Resource Management policies used by Multinational Corporations, clearly outlining the advantages and disadvantages of each. ETHNOCENTRIC POLICY The ethnocentric staffing policy refers to the strategy of a multinational company to employ managers for key positions from the parent headquarters instead of employing local staff. In the ethnocentric approach, the cultural values and business practices of the homeRead MoreMultinational Organizations : A Multinational Corporation1247 Words   |  5 PagesA Multinational Corporation, also known as MNC, is a corporation that has it facilities and other assets in more than one country, in addition to its home country. These corporations operate comprehensively in more than one country by having a main office in a centralized location where they systematize global management and have offices and/or factories in different countries. Multinational Corporations may participate in numerous activities such as manufacturing, importing and exporting in differentRead MoreDavid Kortens The Physics Of Business Administration1385 Words   |  6 Pagespublished When Corporations Rule the World in 1995. When Corporations Rule the World gave readers his perspective of anti-globalization, which was a passion for David Korten. His primary idea was that business enterprises wer e manipulating the conclusion of the world s economic and social involvement from this process of globalization. His sentiment about globalization directs politics, society, and environment in a negative direction for the human involvement. Korten states that multinational corporationsRead MoreTransnational Corporation And What Impacts Do They Have On Society?1163 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is a Transnational Corporation and what impacts do they have on society? Before we can discuss the impacts these types of corporations have on society, we must first have a basic knowledge of exactly what a Transnational Corporation is and how they are formed. Then we can begin to comprehend how these corporations’ impact things such as international trade and the effects they have on cultures throughout the world. Let’s begin by defining a Transnational Corporations. Most of individualsRead MoreChallenge For The International Free Trade Era1415 Words   |  6 PagesPeru, Singapore, and Vietnam in the massive initiative named the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Now, with 4 more countries, Canada, Japan, Malaysia, and Mexico, the US is working to establish one of the biggest multilateral free-trade commitment in its history. Since the beginning of his presidency, President Obama has pushed for the Congress’ approval of the TPP, claiming that the pact’s goals are to reduce tariffs, protect consumer rights, and benefit domestic workers. (USTR, 2011) However, underneathRead MoreDomestic And Foreign Economic Policy1646 Words   |  7 Pagescomply with. The reason this is because the international organizations function like corporations and the biggest shareholders tend to have the largest vote on how they will operate. There are many different ways to influence states and trade agreements. One way to influence others is using multinational corporations because they can opportunities and not under the influence of government. Multinational corporations are able to take advantage of the weaker states when making agreements because the

The Turbulent True Story of a First Year at Harvard Law School Free Essays

INTRODUCTION One L is the first attempt at non fiction writing by Scott Turrow, an attorney by profession and a best selling novelist. Mr. He graduated from Harvard Law School and He has been a partner in the Chicago office of Sonnenschein Nath Rosenthal, a national law firm, since 1986, Turrow has won multiple awards for his writings including the Heartland Prize in 2003 For â€Å"Reversible Errors† and the Robert F. We will write a custom essay sample on The Turbulent True Story of a First Year at Harvard Law School or any similar topic only for you Order Now Kennedy award in 2004 for Ultimate punishment. He is best known for his second non fictional work â€Å"The Ultimate Punishment† in which he discusses the death penalty.   He is currently a Member of Illinois’ Executive Ethics Commission. Turrow’s fictional work is widely popular and although he confines his writing only to the murder mystery genre his work is commendable. Turrow’s reasons for finding this genre the most captivating are simple he says â€Å"Only in the mystery novel are we delivered final and unquestionable solutions. The joke to me is that fiction gives you a truth that reality can’t deliver.† (Scott Turrow, 2001) SUMMARY Turrow in his book One L gives an account of what a first year law student goes through. Scott Turrow interprets the authenticity of the life of law students ubiquitously.   He describes an array of situations beginning of course with the excitement of being accepted into an Ivy League school, Harvard Law the most prestigious law school in the country. Mr. Turrow attended law school in the 70’s but he manages to narrate his story in a manner that seems enduring enough to keep a reader captivated all through the book he gets a tad dramatic at times giving details about everything one might experience in the first year of law college from the unusual kinds of students to the remarkable teachers, the stress the pressure even some horrific accounts about the way students are treated by the professors. It is common knowledge that Teachers in most law schools use the Socratic method of teaching which apparently comes as a surprise to Turrow The first year law students have to study the law of contracts, torts and criminal law.   â€Å"Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, the mornings we have Contracts . . . I’m nearly sick to my stomach. . . . I can’t believe it, but I think about that class and I get ill,† writes turrow. As a common practice in colleges Turrow write about his study group. He also has ideas for improving the system and the overall experience of the first year law students. He suggests â€Å"brief writing, research, courtroom technique, document drafting, negotiation, client counseling, and the paramount task of gathering the facts.† Mr. Turow’s study of the other students also appears rather outward and small-minded. The students are basically stereotyped into the â€Å"achievers†, â€Å"the complainers† â€Å"intellectuals,† â€Å"but who, in reality, are no more intellectual than a kindergartener with a crayon† and the professors who â€Å"harass† the students. He mentions nothing about the types of queries one comes across in a law school. He attended law school while he was married and his marital life added to the dilemmas of law school but what Mr. Turrow never mentions is that the average first year law student is not married his problems can not be compared to an average law student which eradicates the validity of the book as a true experience of an average student in addition to all these factors the fact that the seventies experience can not be compared to a present day experience should also be taken into account Another factor which is different in the present times compared to the time Turrow attended law school is the admissions procedure students planning to go to law school nowadays have the option of taking an editing test which means a lot of studying before the actual admissions meanwhile in the seventies students got admissions on the basis of their grades only Scotts work though comprehensive and interesting at times is nothing extraordinary much better books about first year experience as a law student have been written his style is true to his attorney self and drags the story along in mostly a negative tone giving the readers every horrific account possible with great insight into his own emotions and at times it almost sounds like he’s suggesting people should stop going to law schools just because the first year is tough. Mr. Turrow forgets to mention that for every student starting college being nervous is a natural thing and the first year of college anywhere is just a s tough as the first year of law school. Also an Ivy League school can not be compared to other schools. CONCLUSION Turrow’s story is completely subjective without any comprehensive insight into the facts of the situation and at times dramatic to the point of being annoying and pretentious, reading a book about another person’s life experience should open up a new world for the reader instead of imposing the author’s ideas. Perhaps it never occurred to Mr. Turrow that a school like Harvard would not change its 200 years old methods of teaching just because the first year students didn’t get a warm enough welcome at the school. Although Scott makes an honest effort to convey in the best possible way all his experiences he fails at achieving his goal. It’s an good enough book for students planning to go to law college but people with no interest in attending a law college would find this book over rated. WORKS CITED 1. Amazon inc (2006) book Review of One L: The Turbulent True Story of a First Year at Harvard Law School. Retrieved on 12th October 2006 from: http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/customer-reviews 2. Scott Turrow (2006) biography of Scott Turrow. Retrieved on 12th October 2006 from: http://www.scottturow.com/biography.htm                   How to cite The Turbulent True Story of a First Year at Harvard Law School, Essay examples

Sample Assignment with APA Referencing Style

Introduction Obesity has emerged as the most pressing nutritional problem facing the developed world. This trend has occurred over a relatively short period of time; in the United States, it appears to have begun in the last quarter of the 20th century. The epidemic in children followed shortly thereafter. The most recent data (19992000) from national surveys in the United States suggest that almost two thirds of the adult population is overweight, and almost one third is obese (Flegal et.al, 2002). In children, current estimates (19992000) put the prevalence of overweight at 15%, a threefold increase over the past 30 years (Ogden et.al, 2002, 32). Although this epidemic has spared no subgroup of the population and has been documented in individuals of all ages and racial/ethnic and socioeconomic subgroups, the problem is greatest in minority populations and among persons living in poverty. Obesity is a global public health problem, affecting virtually every region of the world with the exception of sub-Saharan Africa. Discussion Identification The World Health Organization (WHO, 2000) defines obesity as a condition of abnormal or excess accumulation of adipose tissue (body fat) to an extent that an individual's health may be impaired. Because the precise measurement of adipose tissue requires invasive laboratory measures, in the population context, a simpler measure on which to base an obesity definition is required. Although imperfect, the Body Mass Index (BMI), defined as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared, has been adopted by consensus in the United States by the National Institutes of Health (NIH, 1998) and the Centers; for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and internationally by WHO (2000). Consensus definitions of overweight and obesity have been set at 25 (overweight) and 30 (obesity), with severity classes of obesity defined as follows: overweight, 25.0 to 29.9; Class I obesity, 30.0 to 34.9; Class II obesity, 35.0 to 39.9; and Class III obesity, 40.0+. The WHO (2000) terminology differs slightly, but the cutoff points are the same. As explained by Gere (1998, 20) In growing children, in whom weight and height are both changing (and at different rates), the definition of obesity is inherently more complicated. Although no universally agreed on standard exists for assessing overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, there is a growing consensus that BMI should be adopted as an indirect measure of adiposity for children and adolescents, as well (Barlow Dietz, 1998). Because BMI varies substantially by age and gender during childhood and adolescence, the specific BMI cutoffs used to classify obesity must be gender- and age-specific and must be referenced against a standard. In the United States, the standard used is the CDC Revised Growth Reference (Barlow Dietz, 1998). Internationally, several standards (Cole et.al, 1995; Ogden et al., 2002), including one based on a pooled international sample (Cole et.al, 2000), are also in use. Several periods in development have been proposed as critical periods in the development of persistent obesity and its comorbid consequences. These include the prenatal period (when intrauterine exposures may influence adiposity), early childhood, and adolescence. Some evidence suggests that breast-feeding may protect against later obesity. Likelihood of persistence in adulthood of obesity from childhood is related both to age at onset and severity. Sequelae Childhood obesity has a number of immediate, intermediate, and long-term health consequences (Must Strauss, 1999). These include classic cardiovascular risk factors, such as high blood pressure, abnormal blood lipid levels, and impaired glucose tolerance. Respiratory conditions include sleep-disordered breathing. In addition, early menarche and menstrual abnormalities are linked to overweight. Of particular concern is the emergence of type 2 diabetes, once considered an adult-onset disease, as a disease of childhood. The psychological impact may represent one of the most damaging effects of obesity given that stigmatization and social isolation may result in lower self-esteem and depression. In a recently replicated classic study, children were asked to rank order a series of drawings of children with various handicaps (crutches, wheelchair, missing a hand, facial disfigurement, obesity) based on which child they would like best (Latnerm Stunkard, 2003). The obese child was ranked last irrespective of the ranking child's sex, race, socioeconomic status, living environment, and own disability. In another study, ratings of quality of life for children with obesity were similar to those of children undergoing chemotherapy for cancer (Schwimmer et.al, 2003, p.12). Although obesity in adulthood that has been present from childhood may carry an additional burden due to increased severity, much adult obesity arises through adult weight gain. The health consequences of obesity present in adulthood are enormous, both in magnitude and impact on quality of life. In developing its clinical guidelines, the NIH report identified an extensive list of health conditions for which obesity increased risk. These include hypertension, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, gallbladder disease, osteoarthritis, sleep apnea and respiratory problems, many cancers, and depression (NIH, 1998). The number of deaths per year in the United States attributable to obesity has been estimated at about 300,000. Risk Factors In all persons, child or adult, obesity arises due to energy imbalance: When energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, most of the excess calories are stored as adipose tissue. To give rise to obesity, energy imbalance must occur over a long period of time and likely reflects a combination of factors. Individual behaviors, environmental factors, and heredity, singly and in combination, contribute to the development of obesity. The rapidity with which the obesity epidemic emerged rules out simple genetic explanations. The current environment in the United States has been characterized as obesogenic, meaning that it promotes high energy intakes and low energy expendituresthe energy imbalance that gives rise to weight gain. Modern industrialized societies provide abundant, relatively inexpensive food; modern life is organized to reduce energy expenditure at work and at home, through technology and urbanization. For a species that evolved to store fat in times of plenty in order to survi ve in leaner times, many individuals are genetically susceptible to gain weight in the current environment. Excessive energy intake is a primary risk factor for the development of childhood and adult obesity, although the specific aspects of intake responsible are controversial. Dietary factors, such as diet composition, energy density, fat intake, fruit and vegetable consumption, snacks, sugar-rich foods, and soft drinks, have all been identified in association with obesity. Increased consumption of fruits and vegetables can help reduce the intake of dietary fat and calories because they are naturally low in fat and energy density compared with other foods. Despite current recommendations that individuals over the age of 2 years consume 2 to 4 servings of fruits and 3 to 5 servings of vegetables daily, children and adolescents eat an average of only 3.6 servings of fruits and vegetables per day, and fried potatoes account for a large proportion of those servings. A number of other dietary variables, including soft drinks, snacking, portion sizes, and infant feeding have also been linked t o childhood obesity. Studies suggest that the increased consumption of sugar-sweetened soft drinks, snack foods (which are often high in fat or/and sugar), and large-sized portions of foods have contributed to the increase in energy intakes. Physical Activity Reduced physical activity may be the most important factor in explaining the increase of obesity over the past two decades. Physical activity among U.S. youth is in decline, with nearly half of young people aged 12 to 21 reporting that they do not engage in vigorous physical activity regularly and one fourth reporting no vigorous physical activity. Whereas leisure time physical activity has increased in men and remained constant in women over the past four decades in the United States, activity associated with work and home life has declined over the same period. Sedentary behavior and inactivity, such as watching television and playing video/computer games, also are contributory factors. Gortmaker et al. (1996) reported an adjusted-odds ratio (OR) for obesity of 8.3 for adolescents who watched TV more than 5 hours per day compared with those who watched 0 to 2 hours. Compelling evidence comes from intervention studies, which show that reducing TV viewing time can help prevent childh ood obesity. Adults in a trial of maintenance following weight loss sustained their losses best when physical activity was high and television viewing was low (van Baak et.al, 2003). TV watching may promote obesity by reducing physical activity, lowering metabolic rate, and increasing energy intake. The latter may occur due to the fact that TV viewing may be associated with snacking and may moderate eating habits generally through greater exposure to advertising of foods high in added sugars and fat or by conveying mixed messages about lifestyle and health in the content of advertisements. TV viewing is a major source of inactivity among Americans. Screen time, a summary measure of time spent viewing television and videos and engaged in computer-based activity, represents the largest proportion of nonsleep, nonschool time for youth (www.nytimes.com). Conclusion Obesity has emerged as the major nutritional problem facing the pediatric and adult populations worldwide. The etiology of obesity is multifactorial and includes individual risk factors, genetic influences, and environmental effectors. The severity of the problem, in terms of immediate and long-term health consequences to physical and psychological health, suggests it is a problem that will dominate the public health agenda in the 21st century.

Womens Writing Changes Essays - Gender, Gender Studies,

Women's Writing Changes Women's Writing Changes Women's writing styles have changed over the years as women's roles have changed in this world. The more that woman's roles have changed the more that their writing changes. There are many reasons to account for the changes in women's writing. At first, in the early years, women were not even allowed to be writers. After women were allowed to become writers, they didn't write about what interested them, they wrote about what about what would interest men. Women writers were writing for a male audience. That soon changed women were writing more about things that were of interest to women because now women were writing for a female audience. Another reasons that can account for the change in women's writing is that woman's role in life have changed. Women don't all have the same role in life, taking care of the home and family. When women's roles only consisted of taking care of the home, their children, and husband, their writings were very different than when the women were out in the world doing different things. Some women's writing inferred that they were being suppressed because they wanted more out of life that what the men would allow them to have. When women felt suppressed in their lives they brought that feeling into their writing. Later, after women could do more with their lives and didn't feel maybe as suppressed by men, women's writing changed. Another reasons that can account for the change in women's writing are the change in what concerns women now from what the concerns of women years ago. When the concerns of women change, the writing changes too. At one point the only major concern that women had was their family and the home. Now, women have more concerns about themselves and their careers. It's not to say that women are not concerned with their family and home anymore, it's just to say that now women have more to be concerned with, and that can account for the writing change. Still, another reason that can account for the writing change in women is their general role in society has changed over time. Before women didn't really have a role in society. Men were the only people that matter in society. Men made all the decisions about what was going on in the society and also what doesn't go in the society. Slowly women began to have more of a role in society, the more of role women began to have in society, the more their writing changed to reflect that role. Another major reason the women's writing has changed is that of education. How women are educated has a lot to do with their writing. In Freire's The Banking Concept of Education; effects the change in writing, when students are just taught the information, and can't ask nay questions; it leaves no room for imagination. But when students are taught to ask questions, and to wonder about what you are taught, it leaves room for the imagination and that leaves a lot of room for change in writing. The more one is taught to use their imagination the more imaginative the writing will be. These were some of the important reasons that can account for the changes in women's writing. The more that women change the more their writings will change. Social Issues

buy custom America’s Role in Afghanistan essay

buy custom America’s Role in Afghanistan essay Over the years America has been at loggerheads with the Arab countries topping the least Afghanistan and Iraq. The world sees it as war what with US troops milling into these countries and terrorist attacks the most recent being the September 11 attack on the twin towers of the World Trade Centre in one of Americas major cities, New York. This essay will cover the situation between America and Muslim countries majoring on Afghanistan, Libya and Iraq. There have been a lot of propaganda concerning how America relates to these countries, some of it informed some ignorant. The Afghan people clearly do not view their relationship with the Americans the same way America does. While America insists that they are being of great assistance to these countries, these countries view their involvement in the running of their governments as oppressive almost colonial. The September 11 attack was definitely an act of defiance, an expression of how deep their disregard for America. Recently Iraq sa w American troops leave their country after operating in it for decades. The essay will look into the role America played while they were in Iraq, whether their intentions were well executed and what prompted their departure from Iraq after such a long time. Americas Role in Afghanistan In response to the Afghanistan based Al Qaeda terrorist attack, America marched into Afghanistan in October 2001 to wipe out the Taliban regime sponsored by terrorists and to oust the terrorist Al Qaeda group. Needless to say Afghanistan suffered a lot of harm both in infrastructure and economically. However, the then United States of America president on behalf of the country promised to stay and help rebuild Afghanistan and ensure they did not house international terrorists suffering more harm. The United States of America presented themselves as peace loving and intent on maintaining peace relations with Muslim countries. Quoting President George bush, America would support all who loved freedom and peace in their quest for democracy (Nimer 78). It is important that America is of real help to Afghanistan partly because they gave their word but mostly to prove to the Muslim countries that they can be trusted and that they have the Muslims interests at heart. This they hope to achieve through the reconstruction and availing of aid and security to Afghanistan. The US government officials claim to have improved the welfare of the Afghan people greatly. They have improved security and the political infrastructure introducing modern democracy. One of their biggest achievements has been freeing the Afghanistans from the Taliban regime which was very repressive. Among the beneficiaries of the end of the repressive Taliban rule are girls and women. They have been given a voice unlike before and they now enjoy equal rights with their male counterparts. More women are now working and more girls attending schools since the American liberation saw the reopening of girl schools. The establishment of modern democracy in Afghanistan is considered one of the biggest achievements in the Muslim countries, one that other Muslim countries are being pressured to acquire. (Klausen 105) Western commentators however do not all agree that America has improved the welfare and livelihood of the Afghan people by intervening. While some point out that Afghanistan is much better off after Americas intervention others insist that it is actually worse off. They view the situation in Afghanistan as deteriorating with continued repression of women, violation of human rights and increasing security problem issues. The Afghan people appear intimidated by Afghanistan warlords backed by the United States of America. Their efforts to improve living standards have been attacked every so often leaving the victims worse off. Girls are attacked as they head to school, girl schools have suffered violent attacks, cases of human rights violation and abuse are on the rise and the little progress America has made in this country risks being trampled upon. This has been blamed on faulty American policies in Afghanistan and has made other Muslim countries in which America has intervened, espe cially Iraq weary of American intervention. If the American intervention in Afghanistan is anything to go by, then Muslim countries are better off without it and on their own. However, a considerable percentage of the Afghan population is grateful to America and can confidently say America has greatly improved their welfare and restored hope to an otherwise hopeless situation. They acknowledge the improved infrastructure, the increased number of children attending school, the improved and steadily growing economy, the new constitution that fights for human rights and is against oppression and repression and especially the increasing return of refugees to their country. They attribute their renewed hope to America and the establishment of modern democracy in Afghanistan not to mention the absence of the Taliban regime. Afghan government officials are not wholly appreciative of American intervention but they can attest to the improved livelihood and the new sense of hope as opposed to former prevalence of desperation and despair, violence and destruction. They commend America for bringing peace, education and development to their country which would never have been achieved otherwise. However, Islam fundamentalists are greatly displeased by Americas almost forceful occupation and intervention of Afghanistan. They viw it as a violation of privacy and urge Muslims to stop disregarding the Islamic norms of loyalty and brotherhood. They say that the Afghan people are in a forced agreement with the Americans who are insensitive to their culture and religion. These Muslims who have known Islam all their lives are comfortable with their lives and do not appreciate modernity and other presumably noble ways of living being shoved down their throats forcefully. On the forefront of these claims is Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, an Afghan warlord who speaks for countless Afghanistans when he insists that the United States of America should back off and let them be. He asserts that the increasingly frequent attacks on foreigners by Afghanistan rebels are a clear indicator of their displeasure with the American intervention. In their letter to the President of the United States of America they imply that it would be an act of folly to repeat such an invasion in any other country. Hekmatyar is backed by a large number of Afghan people who claim that the United States of America has failed to fulfill their promises and the Afghan people have lost hope of ever seeing these promises be brought to fruition. They have also been discouraged by the poor communication of their discontent to the American government. In some parts of Afghanistan the Afghan people still suffer the same oppressive power and they are yet to see the United States of America fulfill their promise to rid the country completely of repressive governance. The Revolutionary Association of Women of Afghanistan (RAWA) asserts that America has not improved the condition of women who still suffer repressive rules and inhumane punishments such as being stoned to death for religious offenses. The United States of America is yet to honor its promis e to protect and fight for the rights of women and to improve their welfare. The Afghan people who are not contented with the American role in Afghanistan are convinced that America is only there to further its own interest and does not really care about the well being of the Afghan people as they claim to. Their constant ignoring of the peoples displeasure with warlords and their repressive governance while continuing to increase their political affluence has been used as evidence of their being interested in furthering their own economic and political interests only and not caring about the well being of the Afghan people. These recent failures by the United States of America do not aid in the trust issue seeing as they have betrayed the Afghanistan trust before. This occurred in the 1970s and 1980s when America walked away from Afghanistan after the withdrawal of the Soviets from Afghanistan. They were then left at the mercy of the Taliban, a repressive and extremely cruel regime and suffered great harm. This period saw tens of thousands of the Afghan people elope to other countries and the number of refugees increased tremendously. Terrorists found safe haven in Afghanistan and made it their training ground with the full support of the Taliban regime. The United States of America turned away from this situation and completely ignored them which betrayed the trust that Afghanistan had placed in them. America has managed to regain some of this trust especially from those who have benefited from their efforts to rebuild Afghanistan. However, those who are yet to benefit from their intervention are yet to trust them and even if they did benefit from American intervention, there is no assurance that it would be long term. This is not to say however, that Americans have not made tremendous progress in Afghanistan. They still have a long way to go but they have come a long way. Considering the dire condition Afghanistan was in before the intervention of the United states of America it is to be expected that it will take a great deal of time and effort to even remotely get Afghanistan to be considered a developed country. There are still numerous cases of oppression especially against women, the percentage of literate people is less than ten, Life expectancy for the population which survives adulthood is forty eight which is pretty low. The countrys infrastructure both economically and physically is totally ruined what with the earth still full of Russian land mines. The Afghan people still suffer from landmines placed in the earth and thousands have had to have their limbs amputated. It will take a great amount of skill, patience, integrity, manpower and sheer willpower to get Afghanistan off its feet and well on its way to being a developed democratic country. This task that the United States of America has undertaken is not an easy one and the opposition they are getting from most Afghan people is not helping. Whether or not intervening in Afghanistan in spite of protest from Afghan people is noble is arguable and a discussion for another day. However, their intentions are good and whether or not they satisfy their own interests in the process of aiding Afghanistan is also a discussion for another day. It is important to note however that it is inevitable that a democratic and developed Afghanistan will serve Americas economic and political interests but this will not be at the expense of the welfare of Afghan people but will actually be for their good as well. We can safely assert that America has and is still playing an important and much required role in Afghanistan. In as much as this role is not wholly appreciated, Afghanistan is better off with the intervention of America than without (Cesari 220). AMERICAS ROLE IN LIBYA LIBYA has been through a tough time under the regime of Muammar Qadaffi. His regime has seen the deterioration of Libyas economy, physical infrastructure and overall development. The Libyans are yet to recover from the oppressive rule they suffered under the dictatorship of Qadaffi. Republican lawmakers have been advocating for America to help reconstruct Libya and help them get back on their feet. The Libyan economy has suffered greatly especially in recent years under Qadaffis regime. America is ready to release the sum of monies in assets which they had frozen during Qadaffis regime. If America did intervene they would not only need to aide in the Libyan economy but in the establishment of a democratic government seeing as the Libyans had been under dictatorship for about four decades. Having learnt from experience this time the United States of America knew better than to forcefully remove Qadaffi from power even when they had the power and means to do so and regardless of the support they would get from Libyans and Americans alike. They had gone down that road before with Iraq and it had been a grave mistake. The loss of lives and huge sums of money that they suffered when they forcefully intervened in Iraq was not an occurrence they cared to repeat. This however, does not mean that they were completely lacking in influencing the Libyans to turn against Colonell Qadaffi. They did promise to limit their military involvement in removing Qadaffi from power and they kept their word. They however helped campaign against him and expose his repressive dictatorship rule against the Libyans. President Obama admitted that even though they would refrain from applying military force to drive Qadaffi out of power they would use other means to ensure he was dethroned and to see that the Libyans were free of his oppressive rule. This move was well received especially by the Libyans since it showed that America respected the right of the people to make their own decisions and to choose their own leaders. This time round the intervention of the United States of America was considered more respectful since they did not impose their decisions on the Libyans without regard for their thoughts and definitely not without their permission. There have been a good number of liberals who have criticized President Obamas move as too slow and who think that forceful intervention is necessary especially in order to avert the possibility of war. President Obama seems uncertain about the extent to which America should intervene and whether or not it is up to them to intervene in Libya however good their intentions. He asserted that however much they wanted President Qadaffi out they would not involve military force or go as far as throwing him out of power. He left that task up to the Libyan military after of course assisting in exposing why this was necessary. This of course spurred a lot of unrest among the Americans since Libya was considered a threat as long as Qadaffi was in power. It was therefore expected that President Obama would be more aggressive in ensuring he either stepped down or thrown out of power. However even after Qadaffi was forced out of power the President of the United States of America, Obama, has show n the same reluctance to intervene in Libyan affairs. LEAVING IRAQ Americas forceful intervention in Iraq in 2003 spurred a lot of heated debates about the nobility of such an action. Up to date there are still rational arguments for as well as against such an action and this move had strong supporters just as it was strongly opposed. However over the years America has had a positive effect on Iraq. There has been peace, economic and infrastructural development and improved living standards. This year however America decided to pull out completely and called off all the American troops. This has been done in spite of Iraqs interest to maintain access to the US military expertise. America stated that this decision came amid emerging political changes in the Middle East countries as well as a shift in the US military priorities. CONCLUSION The United States of America is a super power and is obviously capable of majorly impacting a third world country. They have been accused before of throwing their weight around especially after the forceful intervention of Iraq. Their intervention more often than not is beneficial to the people whose country they intervene. They have a way of establishing democracy and aiding in a countrys development and economic well being. Their intervention however is not devoid of a couple of challenges including realizing to what extent they can impose their rules and laws. In most cases they have no regard for culture and religion which is mildly insulting to devout religious followers especially the Muslims. Their intervention of Iraq saw the loss of a lot of American and Iraqi lives. However there is no telling how much worse it could have been had they not forcefully intervened. The war and destruction that was averted as a result of their forceful intervention in Iraq has been a justification of the invasion. Eventually even the Iraq people embraced the expertise and development they brought into the country. Peace was restored, the country developed economically and physically through improved infrastructure and technology and the levels of literacy rose (Csari 99). 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Why Are Some Fruits Sweet and Some Sour and how does the Ripening of Essay

Why Are Some Fruits Sweet and Some Sour and how does the Ripening of Fruit Affect It - Essay Example Other sour tasting fruits include raw mangoes. According to Hulme (1970) fruits consist of different substances, including vitamins, sugars, starch, proteins, and organic acids in different proportions. The taste of a particular fruit depends on the concentrations of these substances. In sweet tasting fruits, the concentration of fructose, which is a simple monosaccharide, is higher than the concentration of sour substances such as organic acids. Fructose is a simple sugar and is highly soluble in water and hence it is a major component of fruit juices. Naturally, bananas have high concentration of starch and as they ripen, it is converted into simple sugars such as fructose (Childers, 1978). This explains why ripe bananas have sweet taste while green bananas are not. In fruits, fructose could be in its simplest form or as a component of sucrose. Sour taste in fruits is caused by high concentration of hydrogen ions present in organic acids (Hulme, 1970). Some common organic acids in sour fruits include citric, malic and tartaric acids. Ripening of fruits affects the process of seed dispersal in various ways. According to Mauseth, (2003) the major functions of the fruit are to protect the developing seed and enhance its dispersal. As the seed matures, the fruit ripens simultaneously. Fruits undergo different ripening processes that determine the eventual method of dispersal. In wind-dispersed seed, the fruit undergoes dehydration or desiccation, which reduces the weight of the seed. In other wind-dispersed seeds, the dehydration process enhances development of flight structures such as wings, which increases the floating ability of the seed in air (Mauseth, 2003). Therefore, the desiccation process during the ripening of wind-dispersed seeds reduces the weight of the seed, which makes it possible for wind to carry and disperse the seed away from the parent plant. In animal dispersed seeds, the ripening process increases the attraction of the fruit to the consumi ng animal (Biale, 1954). During ripening of such fruits, the plant releases enzymes within the plant that enhances conversion of complex compounds such as starch into sweet tasting sugars. The enzymes enhance production of sweet smelling aromatic compounds to attract animals during the ripening process. Some fruits such as tomatoes release ethylene that induces ripening, characterized by production of pink, reddish coloration and softening of the fruit (Mauseth, 2003). The appealing color, sweet taste and aromatic smell attract animals, which eat the fruit and disperse the seeds in the process. Therefore ripening of fruit enhances seed dispersal by promoting development of characteristics appropriate to the particular method of dispersal. Human beings interfere with the method of seed dispersal by consuming grains and fruits. Consumption of immature seeds and fruits interferes with natural process of seed growth and development (Hulme, 1970). Therefore, when people eat the immature fruits and seeds, the natural process of seed dispersal and the eventual germination is interfered with because the seeds lose their viability to germinate. Besides consumption, human beings interfere with the process of seed dispersal by subjecting fruits and seeds to various techniques such as food processing and storage. Most food processing methods such as drying removes water in the seeds and the fruits. This interferes with critical seed development processes that depend on water (Hulme, 1970). For example, drying seeds and fruits interferes with enzymatic and hormonal processes and reactions that promote ripening, development and eventual seed dispersal. Storage of seeds and fruits prevent other agents of dispersal such as wind and other animals from carrying